The appearance of white plaque on the gums can be caused by several factors that require careful attention.
The main reasons for the formation of white plaque on the gums in adults
- Chemical effects during teeth whitening:
If the gums are not inflamed or painful after bleaching, the plaque will probably go away on its own. However, you should inform your dentist about the occurrence of white spots. - Thermal damage:
Contact with very hot food or drinks can cause white changes on the gums as a reaction to high temperatures. - Poor oral hygiene:
Irregular and poor brushing of teeth can provoke the formation of plaque, which is easily removed by brushing your teeth and rinsing your mouth. - Calcium deficiency:
A lack of this element can lead to a longer persistence of white spots. A balanced diet and consultation with a dentist are recommended. - Growths on the gums:
White blisters may be lipomas – benign growths that do not pose a danger, but require monitoring as they grow.
White plaque in the gum area: possible serious diseases
- Tooth cyst:
A white tubercle may indicate inflammation and accumulation of pus at the root of the tooth. An X-ray will confirm the diagnosis. - Periodontitis:
Lightening of the gums sometimes indicates the presence of fistulas with purulent contents. - Stomatitis:
Often found in children under one year old, characterized by gray-white ulcers on the mucous membrane that can open. Severe course is accompanied by chills, high temperature and pain. Treatment includes rinses, local medications and diet. - Fungal infections (candidiasis):
More common in women and children, especially after taking antibiotics. Many small spots appear on the gums. Treatment should be started immediately.
White spots can also be a symptom of diabetes or HIV infection, requiring consultation with a dentist, endocrinologist and immunologist.
When to see a doctor
If you notice white plaque, spots, ulcers or blisters on your gums, you should see a specialist. To establish an accurate diagnosis, your dentist will perform:
- Visual examination:
To assess the location of the problem and possible causes. - Radiography:
To analyze the condition of bone tissue and identify hidden pathologies. - Computed tomography (CT):
Prescribed for detailed visualization of the jaw structure and soft tissues. - Blood tests:
Laboratory tests to assess general health, identify inflammation, vitamin deficiencies, infections and autoimmune diseases.
Treatment depends on the diagnosis:
- For inflammatory diseases (gingivitis, candidiasis), antiseptic rinses, antifungal and anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed.
- If the cause is an injury, it is recommended to change the toothbrush or correct the denture.
- In serious cases (leukoplakia, ulcers, tumors), surgery may be required.
It is necessary to consult a dentist when white plaque, white spots appear on the gums for timely diagnosis and treatment in order to avoid complications and maintain oral health.